Crypto & Finance Glossary
Your guide to understanding cryptocurrency and finance terminology. From Bitcoin basics to advanced DeFi concepts.
Showing 201–250 of 605 terms
Page 5 of 13
F
Fiat Currency
macroGovernment-issued money that isn't backed by a physical commodity like gold.
Fibonacci Retracement
tradingA technical analysis tool that uses horizontal lines at key percentages (23.
Finality
blockchainThe guarantee that a blockchain transaction can't be reversed or altered once confirmed.
Flash Crash
tradingA sudden, severe price drop that happens within minutes or even seconds, often caused by cascading liquidations or a large sell order on thin order books.
Flash Loan
defiAn uncollateralized loan that must be borrowed and repaid within a single blockchain transaction.
Flash Loan Attack
defiAn exploit that uses flash loans to borrow massive amounts without collateral, manipulate markets or protocol mechanics within a single transaction, profit from the manipulation, repay the loan, and keep the profit.
Flashbots
blockchainA research organization and infrastructure provider that tries to make MEV extraction more fair and transparent.
Flippening
cryptocurrencyThe hypothetical moment when Ethereum's market cap surpasses Bitcoin's.
Flippening
cryptocurrencyThe hypothetical moment when Ethereum's market cap surpasses Bitcoin's.
Floor Price
cryptocurrencyThe lowest price at which an NFT in a collection is listed for sale.
FOMO (Fear of Missing Out)
tradingThe anxiety that others are profiting from an opportunity you're missing.
Forced Inclusion
blockchainA mechanism on Layer 2 rollups that allows users to submit transactions directly to the L1 chain if the L2 sequencer is censoring them.
Fork
blockchainA change to a blockchain's protocol that creates a new version.
Formal Verification
blockchainA mathematical approach to proving that smart contract code behaves exactly as intended for all possible inputs.
Fraud Proof
blockchainA mechanism used by optimistic rollups to verify transactions.
Fraud Window
blockchainThe challenge period in optimistic rollups during which anyone can submit a fraud proof if they detect an invalid state transition.
Frax
defiA stablecoin protocol that originally used a fractional reserve model, partially backed by collateral and partially by its algorithm.
Front-Running
defiPlacing a transaction ahead of someone else's known pending trade to profit from the price impact.
FUD (Fear, Uncertainty, Doubt)
tradingNegative information spread to scare people into selling.
Fully Diluted Valuation (FDV)
cryptocurrencyA project's theoretical market cap if all tokens were in circulation.
Fundamental Analysis
tradingEvaluating an asset based on its underlying value rather than price patterns.
Funding Rate
tradingA periodic payment between long and short traders in perpetual futures markets that keeps the contract price close to spot price.
Futures
tradingContracts to buy or sell an asset at a specific price on a future date.
G
Gas
blockchainThe fee paid to process transactions on Ethereum and similar blockchains.
Gas Limit
blockchainThe maximum amount of gas you're willing to spend on a transaction.
Gas Optimization
blockchainWriting smart contracts that use as little computational resources as possible to save users money on transaction fees.
Gas Sponsorship
blockchainWhen a third party pays the transaction fees on behalf of a user.
Gas Token
blockchainThe native token of a blockchain used to pay transaction fees.
Gas War
blockchainWhen many people try to execute transactions at the same time, bidding up gas fees to get their transaction included first.
Gauge System
defiA mechanism where token holders vote on how protocol incentives (emissions) are distributed across different pools.
GDP (Gross Domestic Product)
macroThe total value of goods and services produced in a country over a period, usually a quarter or year.
Genesis Block
blockchainThe very first block in a blockchain, also called Block 0.
Gitcoin
cryptocurrencyA platform that funds open-source projects through quadratic funding, where small donations from many people get amplified by a matching pool.
GM
cryptocurrencyGood Morning.
GMX
defiA decentralized perpetual futures exchange that runs on Arbitrum and Avalanche.
Golden Cross
tradingA bullish technical pattern where the 50-day moving average crosses above the 200-day moving average.
Governance
blockchainThe process of making decisions about a protocol's development and direction.
Governance Attack
defiWhen someone acquires enough governance tokens to pass malicious proposals that benefit them at the expense of the protocol.
Governance Token
defiA token that gives holders voting rights in a protocol's decision-making.
Grayscale Discount/Premium
traditional-financeThe difference between the market price of Grayscale trust shares and the net asset value of the crypto they hold.
Gwei
blockchainA small unit of ETH used to measure gas prices.
H
Halving
cryptocurrencyWhen Bitcoin's block reward gets cut in half, happening roughly every four years.
Hard Fork
blockchainA permanent, backward-incompatible change to a blockchain's rules that creates a split.
Hardware Wallet
cryptocurrencyA physical device that stores cryptocurrency private keys offline.
Harmony
blockchainA Layer 1 blockchain that uses sharding and effective proof-of-stake for fast, cheap transactions.
Hash Rate
blockchainThe total computational power securing a proof-of-work blockchain.
Hashed Time-Lock Contract (HTLC)
blockchainA smart contract that requires the recipient to acknowledge receiving payment within a timeframe by generating a cryptographic proof, or the payment returns to the sender.
Hedge
tradingTaking a position that offsets potential losses in another investment.
HODL
tradingCrypto slang for holding an investment long-term rather than trading.
Honeypot
cryptocurrencyA scam token designed so you can buy it but can't sell it.
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